在电子设计和自动化控制领域,使用单片机(MCU)进行电压测量和电池电量检测是一项常见且重要的任务。单片机通过其内置或外置的模拟数字转换器(ADC)来读取模拟电压信号,进而进行电压测量和电池电量的估算。以下是实现这一功能的基本步骤和关键知识点:
const int analogInPin = A0; // Analog input pin that the sensor is attached to
int sensorValue = 0; // value read from the sensor
float voltage = 0.0;
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600); // start serial communication at 9600 bps
}
void loop() {
sensorValue = analogRead(analogInPin); // read the analog in value
voltage = sensorValue * (5.0 / 1023.0); // convert the analog reading (which goes from 0 - 1023) to a voltage (0 - 5V)
// Assuming a simple linear relationship for battery level (example: 3.7V for full charge)
float batteryLevel = (voltage / 3.7) * 100;
Serial.print("Voltage: ");
Serial.print(voltage);
Serial.print(" V, Battery Level: ");
Serial.print(batteryLevel);
Serial.println(" %");
delay(1000); // wait 1 second before reading again
}
此代码示例通过读取连接到Arduino的A0引脚的模拟值,计算对应的电压,并根据假设的线性关系估算电池电量。